In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I explain the biology, symptoms and types of bipolar disorder (sometimes called bipolar depression), a condition characterized by extreme, maladaptive shifts in energy, mood and perception. I describe the diagnostic criteria that distinguish bipolar I from bipolar II, including mania and hypomania and the different patterns of mood cycling. I discuss the remarkable history and discovery of lithium and how it works, in part by reducing inflammation, providing neuroprotection and supporting the interoceptive neural circuits affected in bipolar disorder. I also cover talk therapies, electroconvulsive therapy and nutraceuticals such as omega-3 fatty acids and inositol, and I explore the intriguing relationship between mood disorders and creativity. This episode should interest anyone who has or knows someone with bipolar disorder, as well as those interested in how the brain balances mood, energy and focus.
Show notes: https://go.hubermanlab.com/wH7DHIu
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Timestamps
00:00:00 Bipolar Disorder
00:01:09 Bipolar I; Manic Episode Symptoms
00:05:00 Bipolar II, Hypomania; Depressive Episodes & Cycling
00:07:30 Lithium Discovery, Dr. John Cade, Uric Acid
00:11:03 Lithium Urate & Guinea Pigs, Control Experiments
00:13:20 Lithium Salts Paper, Toxicity & Monitoring
00:14:30 How Lithium Works: Inflammation & Neuroprotection
00:15:50 Exteroception vs. Interoception, Neural Circuit Atrophy
00:17:31 Drug vs. Talk Therapies
00:18:10 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Interpersonal & Social Rhythm Therapy
00:20:00 Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Treatment-Resistant Depression
00:21:37 Caution: Rely on Prescribed Treatment, Suicide Risk
00:22:29 Tool: Lifestyle Support, Sleep, Exercise, Nutrition & Sunlight
00:23:30 Tool: Inositol & Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Fish Oil Study
00:25:30 Full Picture of Treatment
00:26:40 Creativity & Mood Disorders, Eminent Individuals Study
00:30:00 Recap & Key Takeaways
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